High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy in Kenya – Understanding Preeclampsia and Safe Delivery
Understanding High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy
High blood pressure during pregnancy — known medically as gestational hypertension or preeclampsia — is a serious issue affecting thousands of expectant mothers in Kenya. Left unmanaged, it can lead to life-threatening complications for both mother and baby. Thankfully, with awareness and proper antenatal care, most women can have a safe pregnancy and delivery.
What is Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia?
Gestational hypertension is when a pregnant woman develops high blood pressure (above 140/90 mmHg) after 20 weeks of pregnancy. Preeclampsia is a more severe condition that includes high blood pressure and damage to organs such as the liver or kidneys. It can occur even in women who had normal blood pressure before pregnancy.
Why This Matters for Kenyan Mothers
In Kenya, maternal deaths related to preeclampsia are still high due to late detection and limited access to emergency care in some areas. Lack of awareness, irregular antenatal visits, and poor nutrition worsen the risks. Early detection and lifestyle adjustments can save lives.
Early Signs of High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy
- Severe headaches that don’t go away
- Swelling in hands, face, or feet
- Blurred vision or sensitivity to light
- Sudden weight gain
- Upper abdominal pain
- Decreased urine output
Note: Some women may have no visible symptoms. This is why regular blood pressure checks during ANC visits are essential.
Causes and Risk Factors in Kenya
- First-time pregnancy
- Pregnancy in teens or over 35 years
- Family history of hypertension or preeclampsia
- Carrying twins or more
- Obesity or unhealthy diet
- Previous high blood pressure
How to Prevent or Manage High BP in Pregnancy
- Attend all antenatal clinics – even if you feel fine
- Reduce salt intake and avoid junk foods
- Drink plenty of water
- Eat iron- and calcium-rich foods (sukuma, beans, milk, sardines)
- Get light daily exercise like walking
- Monitor stress and rest when tired
What Happens If You Are Diagnosed with Preeclampsia?
Your clinic will likely monitor your BP closely, do urine tests for protein, and check the baby’s growth. You may be given medication or referred to a higher-level facility. In some cases, early delivery may be recommended if the condition is severe and the baby is ready.
Can You Deliver Normally?
Yes — many women with well-managed high BP go on to deliver vaginally. The key is monitoring and timely decisions. A hospital birth is recommended in all such cases.
Real Stories from Kenyan Mothers
“I was shocked to find my BP was 160/100 at 7 months. I felt fine. The nurse acted fast and started meds. My baby came healthy.” – Njeri, Nairobi
“In the village, I thought the swelling was normal. I almost lost my baby due to late referral. I now tell all women to go for checkups.” – Asha, Kilifi
Where to Get Help in Kenya
- All public hospitals and health centers offer free ANC services
- NHIF covers most medication and inpatient care
- Jacaranda Maternity, Beyond Zero clinics, and county outreach camps help mothers in need
- Call 1195 for free health information or emergency advice
How Partners and Families Can Support
- Attend clinic visits with her
- Help prepare balanced meals and avoid stress at home
- Assist in household chores so she can rest
- Offer emotional support and reassurance
Conclusion: A Healthy Mother Means a Healthy Baby
Don’t ignore the signs. Don’t delay your clinic visits. Blood pressure may be silent but its effects are loud. Kenyan mothers deserve safety and dignity during pregnancy. With the right knowledge, nutrition, and support — you can deliver safely, even with high blood pressure.
Spread the word to sisters, aunties, and neighbors. Your knowledge could save a life.
