Pica During Pregnancy in Kenya – Causes, Risks & Remedies
Pica during pregnancy is a little-talked-about but surprisingly common condition among expectant mothers in Kenya. It refers to the craving and consumption of non-food substances like soil, charcoal, chalk, or even soap. While many may dismiss it as a harmless craving, pica can pose serious health risks to both the mother and the unborn baby if not managed properly.
What Is Pica?
Pica is a medical condition characterized by the craving and intentional consumption of items that have no nutritional value. These substances can include:
- Soil or clay (geophagia)
- Charcoal or ash
- Ice (pagophagia)
- Chalk, soap, or hair
While pica can occur in people of all ages, it is most frequently observed in pregnant women, children, and individuals with developmental disorders.
Why Does Pica Occur During Pregnancy?
The exact cause of pica is unknown, but several factors are believed to contribute to it during pregnancy:
- Nutritional Deficiencies: A lack of iron, calcium, or zinc may trigger cravings for non-food substances.
- Cultural Beliefs: In some Kenyan communities, eating soil is seen as normal or even beneficial.
- Hormonal Changes: Pregnancy hormones can alter taste and smell, making unusual items appealing.
- Psychological Factors: Stress, anxiety, or past trauma can increase the likelihood of pica behavior.
Dangers and Health Risks of Pica
While pica might seem harmless, it comes with serious health risks:
- Parasitic Infections: Soil can contain dangerous parasites and bacteria.
- Heavy Metal Poisoning: Substances like charcoal or clay can contain lead or mercury.
- Intestinal Blockages: Indigestible items can cause blockages or constipation.
- Reduced Nutrient Absorption: Non-food substances can interfere with the absorption of vital nutrients.
How to Recognize and Manage Pica
If you or someone you know is experiencing unusual cravings during pregnancy, here’s what to do:
- Talk to a Doctor: A healthcare provider can check for nutrient deficiencies and offer advice.
- Iron Supplements: Often prescribed to help reduce cravings caused by anemia.
- Nutrition Counseling: A nutritionist can guide you on safe alternatives and balanced meals.
- Community Awareness: Breaking the stigma around pica can help women seek help early.
What Pregnant Women in Kenya Are Saying
“I used to crave soil so badly that I would sneak to dig it from the wall. After my doctor gave me iron supplements, the cravings reduced.” — Jane, Kisumu
“In our culture, eating clay was passed down from our grandmothers. We didn’t know it could be dangerous.” — Amina, Mombasa
Safe Natural Remedies for Cravings
- Fruits & Vegetables: Crunchy apples, cucumbers, or carrots can satisfy oral fixations.
- Chewing Ice (safely): If permitted by your doctor, ice can substitute for non-food cravings.
- Traditional Herbal Teas: Mild teas like hibiscus or ginger (with approval) may help.
When to Seek Medical Help
If the cravings are frequent, persistent, or involve dangerous items (like paint or detergent), seek immediate medical advice. Pica is not a sign of weakness — it’s a medical condition that deserves attention.
Conclusion: Breaking the Silence
Pica during pregnancy affects thousands of women in Kenya, yet many suffer in silence due to shame or misinformation. With the right education, medical support, and community understanding, we can reduce the risks and promote safe pregnancies for all.
Need help? Talk to your nearest maternal health provider or call the Ministry of Health helpline in Kenya: 0800 721 316.
