Short Cervix in Pregnancy – What Kenyan Mothers Need to Know
A short cervix during pregnancy is a serious yet under-discussed complication that significantly increases the risk of preterm labor. In Kenya, where access to advanced prenatal care is limited in some areas, many mothers don’t know they have this condition until it’s too late. Understanding what it means, how to diagnose it early, and what can be done is crucial for saving lives — both the mother’s and the baby’s.
What Is a Short Cervix?
The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. During pregnancy, it stays firm and long to help hold the baby inside. Normally, the cervix is 3 to 5 cm long. If it shortens too early (usually below 2.5 cm), it may not be able to keep the baby in the womb, leading to premature birth or miscarriage.
What Causes a Short Cervix?
- Previous preterm birth or miscarriage
- Multiple pregnancies (twins, triplets)
- Uterine abnormalities or previous surgery on the cervix
- Infections or inflammation during pregnancy
- Genetic factors (some women are born with shorter cervixes)
How Is a Short Cervix Diagnosed?
The most accurate way to diagnose a short cervix is through a transvaginal ultrasound. This allows the doctor to measure the cervix length from the inside. The test is safe and usually done between 16 and 24 weeks of pregnancy, especially if the mother is high-risk.
Signs You May Have a Short Cervix
- Pressure or heaviness in the pelvic area
- Vaginal discharge that is watery or mucus-like
- Backache or cramps without contractions
- History of premature delivery
However, many women with a short cervix experience no symptoms — that’s why regular prenatal checkups are vital.
Why Is a Short Cervix Dangerous?
A short cervix increases the chance of:
- Preterm labor (before 37 weeks)
- Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM)
- Intrauterine infection
- Pregnancy loss in the second trimester
Treatment Options for Short Cervix
If you’re diagnosed early, treatment options are available to reduce risk:
- Vaginal progesterone: Helps strengthen the cervix and delay labor.
- Cerclage: A surgical stitch placed around the cervix to keep it closed.
- Bed rest: In some cases, reduced activity can relieve pressure.
- Frequent monitoring: Especially between 16–24 weeks gestation.
How Can Kenyan Mothers Reduce the Risk?
- Attend all prenatal visits
- Report unusual symptoms like pelvic pressure or watery discharge
- Ask your doctor if you qualify for a cervical length scan
- Follow medical advice about rest, medication, or referrals
Real Stories from Kenyan Women
“I lost my first pregnancy at 22 weeks. With the second, they found I had a short cervix early, and they put a stitch. My baby is now 3 years old.” – Ruth, Nakuru
“No one told me what a short cervix was. I had pain, but I thought it was normal. I wish I went to hospital earlier.” – Faith, Siaya
Conclusion
A short cervix is a silent risk that can threaten pregnancy if not caught early. The good news is that it can be managed. More awareness and access to cervical scans in Kenyan clinics can save thousands of babies each year. Don’t ignore the signs — speak up, get checked, and encourage other women to do the same.
Need help or a referral? Contact your nearest maternal health clinic or visit health.go.ke to learn more.
